人教版英语初一上册知识点(人教版英语初一上册知识点总结)
小爱给大家谈谈人教版英语初一上册知识点,以及人教版英语初一上册知识点总结应用的知识点,希望对你所遇到的问题有所帮助。
人教版英语初一上册知识点(人教版英语初一上册知识点总结)
人教版英语初一上册知识点(人教版英语初一上册知识点总结)
人教版英语初一上册知识点(人教版英语初一上册知识点总结)
1、其实七年级的也算是很基础的,小学时候基本都学过了,不多像是复习和巩固吧,内容还是比较简单的,现在我总结一下大致内容吧:一、48个音标及26个英文字母的正确书写要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距.二、be动词的用法be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are.记忆口诀:“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are.三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)1、三种人称:人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria).2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria.3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it.4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their.5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs.6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, sn, eight, nine, ten, eln, twelve, thir, four, fif, six, sn, eigh, nine, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-sn, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,snty, eighty, ninety, one dred,one dred and one.五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句.一般疑问句句尾读升调.2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句.特殊疑问句句尾读降调.六、可数名词变复数可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种.1、规则变化:1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等.记忆口诀:除了“英雄”外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”.2、不规则变化:1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-te等;2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;3)其他形式:mouse-m, child-children等.七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当.主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性.当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形.实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, l-ls, play-plays等;2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)he的三单形式是has.八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种.1、定冠词the表示“特指”,可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”.2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是“一个”.an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前.3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”.九、助动词(do, does )的用法只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词.以like为例:1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则.eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do.例如把下列句子变否定句:Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.------They don't like sports.3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词所有格1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;2、用of表示“.的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)3、he与of的区别:he一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of.例如:I he a new bike. She has two big eyes.a door of the house十一、课本中的知识点1、Unit 1 ——Unit 21)问候语:Good morning/ afternoon/ ning.How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.Hi! Hello!How do you do?2)道别用语:N/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)N to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉.5)词组be from = come fromin English5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答. 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.What are those?----They are books.6)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.7)look the same = he the same looksgive sth. to . = give . sth.be like = look likein the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)in the desk(在空间范围之内)in English(用英语) . do sth.8)both与all的区别:both表示“两者都.”;all表示“三者及以上都.”.2、Unit 3——Unit 41)speak的用法speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容.speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对.说”. . with sth.(帮助某人做/补习.)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)like...a lot = like...very much2)some和any的区别:口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any.例如:I he some money.I don't he any money.Do you he any money?3)he a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头.例如:Don't go there!5)问职业:What does . do?What is .?What's .'s job?6)work与job的区别:work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”.7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look after(照料/照顾/照看) oneself(请自便/随便吃)9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?”What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?10)“吃”一日三餐要用he:he breakfast/ lunch/ supperhe...for breakfast/ lunch/ suppertake one's orderbe kind to .11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间.12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”.13)how many与how much的区别:how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度.think about(考虑)Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用.)15)one与it的区别:当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it.例如:Ann :I he a yellow bag.Jane :I he a green one.Tom : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?Mike : Look, it's over there.16)倒装句Here you are.Here it is.17)be free (有空/免费)forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...?18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的.例如:go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等19)he to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”)must 则表示主观愿望20)fly a kite = fly kitee free = he time21)时间的表述当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”.例如:8:23——twenty-three past eight当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”.例如:8:49——eln to nine当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:8:23——eight twenty-three; 8:49——eight forty-nine整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock在钟点前介词要用at.22)句型“该干某事了.”:It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth.例如:该吃午饭了.It's time to he lunch. = It's time for lunch.在英语中询问“怎么样?”是个很常见的话题,牵涉到不同的意思和不同的句型,只有以恰当的句型去适应不同的意思,才能体现 “原汁原味”的英语。
2、常见的相关句型有:一、在询问、提出建议或征求对方意见时,用“What (how) about...?”的句型,about 的后面可以接名词、动名词或代词。
3、如:I'm going to fly a kite this afternoon. What about you?今天下午我要去放风筝。
4、你呢?What about playing chess now? 现在下棋怎么样?二、要询问某人或某事现在的情况(如身体状况,学习状况等),用“How is (are)...?”的句型。
5、如:How's rything there?那儿一切怎么样?How's your father? Is he much better now?你父亲怎样?现在好多了吗?三、要询问人的外貌、品德(重点指客观印象)或天气情况,用“What's ... like ...?的句型。
6、如:What's the weather like today? = How's the weather today?今天天气怎么样?— What's his mother like?— She's tall and thin.他妈妈长得怎样?她长得又高又瘦。
7、四、要询问对某事物的感觉和喜欢的程度时用“How do you like ...?”的句型。
8、如:How do you like the cartoon film “Mickey And Mouse”?你觉得卡通电影“米老鼠和唐老鸭”怎么样?How do you like Hangzhou?你觉得杭州怎么样?五、要询问对方对某事的看法和态度或想法时,用“What do you think of ...?”的句型。
9、如:What do you think of the supergirls?你认为超级女生怎么样?What do you think of the plan?你觉得这个怎样?六、要询问对方工作学习进展现状情况或与人相处得如何时用 “How are you getting on with…?”的句型。
10、如:How are you getting on with your English study?你英语学得怎样?How are you getting on with your ctes?你与你的同班同学相处得怎么样?七、要询问对方的外貌、举止等,强调主观印象,用“What do (does) ... look like?”的句型。
11、如:— What does Linda look like?— She looks like an engineer.琳达看起来像什么?她看上去像个工程师。
12、八、要询问一个人的脸色,有时也指一个人的情绪或精神状态时用“How do (does) ... look?”的句型。
13、如:— How does the teacher look now?— He looks very pleased.— 老师现在怎样?— 他看上去很高兴。
14、我在人教网上找的`也许是吧链接:提取码: 2yfw。
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