职称英语理工题库_职称英语理工百度云
职称英语理工类阅读判断真题
职称英语理工类阅读判断真题
职称英语理工题库_职称英语理工百度云
职称英语理工题库_职称英语理工百度云
职称英语考试的阅读判断题型，要求考生判断题目所给出的句子。下面是我整理的'理工类阅读判断真题，欢迎欣赏!
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Lack of Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on Earth Scientists he long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s suce. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?
Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.
In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Plansky and his colleagues found that oxygen lls during the “boring billion” period were only 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t he supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic aancements were poised to occur.
“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimay be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally unoidable that animals need a certain ll of oxygen,” said Plansky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen lls were low enough during this period to potentially prnt the rise of animals.”
The scientists found their evidence by yzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.
Specifically, the team studied samples deited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to he higher lls of oxygen.
Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists. “We were missing the right approach until now,” Plansky said. “Chromium ge us the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxygen ll at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leing open the sibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.
In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen lls were “highly dynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. Howr, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth suce Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.
“If we are right, our results will really change how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be a changer.”
“There’s a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that,” Reinhard said.
16. The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoic period.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Many researchers beli the oxygen ll was high during pre-animal times.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The team was funded by sral research institutes.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Genetic aancements triggered the rise of animals.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. The study raled that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and after the rise of animals.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Tim Lyons liked to play comr s in his spare time.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
ADHD Linked to Air Pollutants Children he an increased of attention problems, seen as early as grade school. If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned compley, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City. She researches how exure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study, she and her team studied the exure to air pollution of 233 nonoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs, ones that's would he been hard for an individual to oid.
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be ailable to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whatr her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort, such as homework or s with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in U.S. children has ADHD.
Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low lls of PAHs in their blood. Ohters had high lls. Those with high lls were five times as likely to he children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
16. Perera and her team chose nonoking pregnant women all over America.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main pure of the research was to find out how exure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Nonoking mothers were selected because the effect of oking on PAHs was unclear.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20 Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The women with high lls of PAHs in their blood were more likely to he kids with ADHD.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
ADHD Linked to Air Pollutants Children he an increased risk of attention problems，seen as early as grade school , if their moms inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned compley, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She researches how exure to things in the environment affects children's health. In a new study , she and her team studied the exure to air pollution of 233 nonoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放) PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查) other sources of PAHs, ones that would he been hard for an individual to oid.
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason: Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be ailable to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in these children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included wher her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的) mental effort, such as homework or s with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in 10 U.S. children has ADHD.
Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low lls of PAHs in their blood. Others had high lls. Those with high lls were five times as likely to he children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
16. Perera and her team chose nonoking pregnant women all over America
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main pure of the research was to find out how exure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Nonoking mothers were selected because the effect of oking on PAHs was unclear.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The blood of each women was tested once a month during pregnancy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The women with high lls of PAHs in their blood were more likely to he kids with ADHD
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
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职称英语理工B级阅读理解及解析
2015年职称英语理工B级阅读理解及解析
以下是关于2015年职称英语理工B阅读理解及解析，供同学们参考。
第四部分：阅读理解
阅读理解篇
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into s with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.1Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than erage. But it wasn’t clear wher this is due to reduced oxygen lls at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea ll, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough, Giussani found that the erage birth weight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heier on erage than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of2 oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child.3 ‘‘ says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to he relatively larger heads compared with their bodies4. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body5.
阅读理解第二篇
Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?
When people argue about wher coffee is good for health, they’re usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it good for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it you concentrate? Howr, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.
Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠) of taller indigenous(土生土长的) trees. Howr, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.
Unfortunay, deforesting for coffee production immediay decreases local wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者) in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.
Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun mod also damages the eco because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat the coffee plants, but them the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can n enter the water that people will ntually drink.
Fortunay, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as “shade grown” and “bird friendly.” Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we’re paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it’s worth it.
阅读理解第三篇
More Rural Research Is Needed
1Agricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now. Dr. Tony Fischer, crop scientist, said demand was growing at 2.5% per year, but with modern technologies and the dlopment of new ones, the world should be able to stay ahead1。
2“The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be rrsed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition and poverty,” he said.
3Research is needed to solve food production, land degradation2 and environmental problems. Secure local food supplies3 led to economic growth which, in turn, slowed population growth. Dr. Fischer painted a picture of the world’s ability to feed itself in the first 25 years, when the world’s population is expected to rise from 5.8 to 8 billion people. He said that things will probably hold or improve4 but there’ll still be a lot of gry people. The biggest concentration of poor and gry people would be in sub-Saharan Afiica and southern Asia in 2020, similar to the current pattern. If there is any change, a slight improvement will be seen in southern Asia, but not in sub-Saharan Afiica. The major inqjrovement will be in East Asia, South America and South-East Asia.
4The dloping world was investing about 0.5%, or $8 billion a year, of its agricultural gross domestic product(GDP)on5 research, and the dloped world was spending 2.5% of its GDP. Dr. Fischer said more was needed from all countries.
5He said crop research could produce technologies that spread across many countries, such as wheat production research hing spin-offs for Mexico, China or India6.
6“Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can he global application, so that money can be used very efficiently,” Dr. Fischer said.
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职称英语考试真题及理工类A级概括大意
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5段每段选择1个标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
First Image-recognition Software
1. Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues he created an artificial ince software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far greater accuracy than r before.
2. The new , which was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos, shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则) for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough to improve large-scale document searches online. The uses pixel (像素) data in images and potentially video — rather than just text — to locate documents. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned (收集) from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions (说明), for more accurate document search results.
3. "Over the last 30 years," says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani, a co-author of the study, "the Web has evolved from a all collection of mostly text documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia data set, where nearly ry page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a Web page, he immediay gets the gist (主旨) of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the rmation contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the document retrieval. Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision s are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the rmation contained in image pixels to improve document search."
4. The researchers designed and tested a machine vision — a type of artificial ince that allows comrs to learn without being explicitly programmed — that extracts semantic (语义的) rmation from the pixels of photos in Web pages. This rmation is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. The researchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查询)on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retrieval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic rmation extracted by their mod from the pictures of the Web pages. They found that this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision over the original search engine purely based on text.
23. Paragraph 1 ____
24. Paragraph 2 ____
25. Paragraph 3 ____
26. Paragraph 4 ____
A. Function of the new
B. Improvement in document retrieval
C. Publication of the new discovery
D. Problems of the existing search engines
E. Popularity of the new
F. Artificial ince software created
27. The new does document retrieval by ____.
28. The new is expected to improve precision in ____.
29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore __ __
30. The new was found more effective in document search than the ____
A. using photos
B. description of the HTML page
C. current popular search engines
D. document search
E. rmation in images
F. machine vision s
参：第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)
23-26. F A D B
27-30.A D E C
理工类职称英语B级模拟试题(阅读理解)
第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个选项。
篇
The Issue of Package
Maybe ryone has such an experience that you he to unwrap sral layers of packaging when you enjoy a piece of candy. But this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediay. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up scarce energy and resources and messing up the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies, washed out,and refilled. But both glass and are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.
The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of r increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altoger in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and reuse of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers as oped to producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly. What is needed now is a more aanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.
31. "This overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. " (Line 2, Paragraph 1) means __________.
A. more wrapping is needed for ordinary products
B. more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products
C. too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products
D. the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary
32. Packaging is important to manufacturers because __________.
A. it is easy to use it again
B. shoppers are interested in beautiful packaging
C. they want to attract more shoppers
D. packaged things will not go rotten
33. According to the passage, dairies are __________.
A. experimenting with the use of bottles
B. giving up the use of glass bottles
C. increasing the use of plastic bottles
D. re-using their containers
34. Some environmentalists think that __________.
A. plastic packaging should be made more convenient
B. no alternative can be found to plastic packaging
C. too much plastic is wasted
D. shops should stop using plastic containers
35. The author thinks that
A. packing is actually useless and could be ignored
B.people will soon stop using packaging altoger
C.enough research has been done into recycling
D.it is better to produce new materials than to re—tlSe old ones
第二篇
Electric Backpack
Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes leing your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don't mind carrying a hey load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe n light your way home.
Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. he invented a backpack thatmakes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions search-and-rescue operations and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cellphones global itioning (GPS) receivers,night-vision goggles, and other battery powered devs to get around and do their work. The backpack's electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer's load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept.9 science.
The backpack's electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer's back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechani converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts.
Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack's oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising aantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.
The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry hey backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it sible to walk, play video s, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren't on the market yet, but if you do get one ntually just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!
36. Backpacks are convenient because __________.
A o they can be vearge
B. they can hold as many things as you want to carry
C. your handsare freed to do other things
Do you do not he to carry things withyou
37. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented byLawrence C.Romeand his colleagues?
A. It produces electricity forelectronic devs while the wearer walks.
B. It can be used as cellphones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.
C. It is all andconvenient.
D. It is light and easy to carry.
38. The word "'springs" in Paragraph 3 means __________.
A. a all stream of water flowing naturally from theearth
B. the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer
C. the act or an instance of jumping or leaping
D. a length of metal woundaround, which returns to its original shape afterbeing pushed
39. According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?
A. To make the backpackmore comfortable for the wearer.
B. To put the backpack on the market.
C. To test the aantage of the backpack.
D. To promote the backpack in anews or on evision.
40. What is implied in "if you do get onentually, just make sure to look bothways before crossing the street!"?
A. You will be too excited to watch the traffic.
B. Enjoyingelectronic devs while walking may invite traffic accidents.
C. It is notsible for you to get such a backpack.
D. It is wise of you to he such abackpack.
第三篇
Invisibility Ring
Scientists can't yet make an invisibility cloak like the one that Harry Potter uses. But, for the first time, they've constructed a cloaking dev that makes itself and soming placed inside it invisible to microwes.
When a person "sees" an object, his or her eye senses many different wes of visible light as they bounce off the object. The eye and brain then work toger to organize the sensations and reconstruct the object's original shape. So, to make an object invisible, scientists he to keep wes from bouncing off it. And they he to make sure the object casts no shadow. Otherwise, the absence of reflected light on one side would give the object away.
Invisibility isn't sible yet with wes of light that the human eye can see. But it is now sible with microwes. Like visible light, microwes are a form of radiant energy. They are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which also includes radio wes, infrared light, ultrioletmys, X rays, and gamma rays. The we lengths of microwes are shorter than those of radio wes but longer than those of visible light.
The scientists' new "invisibility dev" is the size of a drink coaster and shaped likearing. The ring is made of a special material with unusual ability. When microwes strike thering, very few bounce off it. Instead, they pass through the ring, which bends the wes all the way around until they reach the opite side. The wes then return to their original paths.
To a detector set up to receive microwes on the other side of the ring, it looks as if the wes nr changed their paths as if there were no object in the way! So, the ring is effectively invisible.
When the researchers put a all copper loop inside the ring, it, too, is nearly invisible.
Howr, the cloaking dev and anything inside it do cast a pale shadow. And the dev works only for microwes, not for visible light or any kind of electromagnetic radiation. So, Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't he any real competition yet.
41. Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientists __________.
A. can now make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses
B. try to make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses
C. try to invent a dev similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses
D. know that it is sible to make an invisible cloak of the same kind
42. What is true of microwes?
A. Their welengths are shorter than those of visible light.
B. Their welengths are longer than those of visible light.
C. They are different from visible light as they are a kind of radiant energy.
D. They are visible to the human eye.
43. What is NOT true of the invisibility dev?
A. It is made of a special material with unusual ability.
B. Microwes bounce off it when they strike it.
C. Microwes pass through it when they strike it.
D. It bends the microwes all the way around until they reach the opite side.
44. What does the word "coaster" mean in the passage?
A. A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.
B. A vessel engaged in coastal trade.
C. A roller coaster.
D. A resident of a coastal area.
45. Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't he any real competition yet, because __________.
A. scientists he not found out how his cloak works
B. the cloaking dev is a total failure
C. the cloaking dev works only for microwes
D. the cloaking dev works only for visible light
2010年职称英语理工A试题及
这个怎么样？：2010年职称英语理工类A级真题及解析（一）词汇选项funny – humorous appalling – terribledit – hardworkingdecent – goodput up with – toleratedemolish – disproveturmoil – confusionhazard – ermerge – combineresentment – angergraceful – politevague – unclearimmense – greatspur – encouragevigorous – energetic （二）阅读判断California Gives Green Light to Space Solar Power1.Solar-power salites will use radio wes to beam energy down from space.为A： right. 2.Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power salites.为C： Not mentioned3.Earth-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear.为B:出题句: Earth-based solar cells, by contrast, can only collect sunlight during daytime and when skies are clear. 出题句中提到了“位于地球上的的太阳能电池”收集太阳的两个条件：一个是在白天， 一个是当天空晴朗的时候。 而题干说“只有当天空晴朗的时候位于地球上的的太阳能电池才能收集太阳能”， 因此题干与文章相关内容不一致。4.An aantage of the space-based solar power is that it is economical.为B：出题句为： But space-based solar power must grapple with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space, says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. “If you're talking about it being economically viable for power of the Earth, it's a tough go,” he says. 出题句说“基于太空的太阳能必须要解决把高成本的问题”， 题干的意义（基于太空的太阳能的一个优势是其经济性）与出题句意义矛盾。 5.Inflatable rors are used to reduce the weight of the space-based solar power .该题为A： Right6.Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy source.该题为B：wrong.出题句: Though Boerman says the company belis it can make space-based solar power work, it is not expecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy. 出题句说“不会排挤掉其他形成的可更新能源”， 题干与出题句意义不一致。7.Many countries will grant permission for the use of the space-based solar power .该题为C： Not mentioned。 （三）概括大意与完成句子B. Natural gas consumptionC. Natural gas reserves and supplyD. Disaantage of natural gasE. Natural gas prsF. Clean fuel of choNatural GasParagraph 2 A. Popularity and use of natural gasParagraph 3 F. Clean fuel of choParagraph 4 B Natural gas consumptionParagraph 5 C Natural gas reserves and supply27-30 AFBD（四）阅读理解阅读篇Scientists Make Sweet Discovery很抱歉！篇阅读理解缺失。阅读第二篇How the First Stars in the Universe Came into Existence为： C，A，D，C，C阅读第三篇The lce man36 The body of the lceman was found in the mountains mainly because√A the melted made him visible
B he was just on a mountain passC two Germans were climbing the mountainsD he was lying on the 37What can be inferred from paragraph2?AThe lceman was killed while working
BThe lceman was struck dead from behindCThe lceman lived a poor life√DThe lceman could he died from the wound in the head38All the following are assumptions once made about the lceman EXCEPTA he was a soldier in World War 1
Bhe was borm about a thousand years agoChe was a Swiss woman’s long-lost father√Dhe came from ltaly39The scientists made the deduction that the lceman√Awas probably in some king of a battle
Bhad a tiny hole in his skin causing his death Cwas hit the shoulder by an arrowheadDhad got a wound on the back of his head40The word “bandits”in paragraph 4 could be best replaced byAsoldiers
Bshooters√CrobbersDters（五）补全短文I just know how you feel46. He said that the expression of theses feelings are universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture. 47. Research he also been done find out which areas of the brain read emotional expressions. 48. They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by "I feel"or "he looks" or "she sounds"49. Any other mod of showing all the 412 emotions, such as words, would he been far less effective. 50. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it（六）完形填空Obtaining Drinking Water from Air Humidity Not a plant to be seen．the desert ground is too dry．But the air contains water，and research scientists he found a 1 way of obtaining drinking water from air humidity．The is based compley on renewable energy and is therefore autonomous． Cracks permeate the dried-out desert ground and the landscape bears testimony to the lack ofwater．But n here，where there are no lakes，rivers or groundwater，considerable quantities of water are stored in the air．In the Negev desertl in Israel，for example，annual erage relative air humidity is 64 percent一in ry cubic meter of air there are 11.5 milliliters of water． German research scientists he found a way of converting this air humidity autonomously into drinkable water．“The process we he dloped is based exclusively on renewable energy sources 2 such as thermal solar collectors and photovoltaic cells， 3 which makes this mod compley energy-autonomous．It will 4 therefore function in regions wherere is no electrical infrastructure．”says Siegfried Egner，head of the research team．The principle of the 5 process is as follows3：hygroscopic brine—saline solution which absorbs moisture—runs down a tower-shaped unit and absorbs water from the air．It is then sucked 6 into a tank a few meters off the ground in which a vacuum prevails4．Energy from solar collectors 7 heats up the brine，which is diluted by the water it has 8 absorbed ． Because of the vacuum，the boiling point of the liquid is lower than it would be under 9 normal atmospheric pressure．This effect is known from the mountains：as the atmospheric pressure there is lower than in the valley，water boils at temperatures distinctlybelow 100℃．The evaporated，non-saline water is condensed and runs down through a compley filled tube in a controlled manner．The grity of this water column 10 continuously produces the vacuum and so a vacuum pump is not needed．The reconcentrated3 brine 11 runs down the tower suce again to absorb moisture from the air．
“The concept is suitable for various water 12 users ．Single-person units and plantssupplying water to entire hos are conceivable，”says Egner．Prototypes he been built for 13 both components—air moisture absorption and vacuum evaporation—and the research scientists he already 14tested their interplay on a laboratory scale．In a further 15 step the researchers intend to dlop a demonstrmion facility．词汇： autonomous adj．的 thermal adj. 热的 permeate v．遍布 photovoltaic adj．光电的 hygroscopic n．吸湿的 infrastructure n．基础设施 brine n．盐水 interplay n．相互作用 saline adj．含盐的注释： 1．Negev desert：内盖夫沙漠（位于以色列南部的沙漠地区，占以色列国土面积一半以上)。 2．Israel：以色列 3．as follows：如下 4．in which a vacuum prevails：水箱里是真空状态。Which指代的是前半句的tank。prevail意为 “占”。 5.reconcentrated：重新浓缩的
职称英语《理工B》真题及完整版
职称英语《理工B》真题及（完整版）
职称英语已经在3月26日开考，为了能让大家在考后及时看到试题及，下面是我为大家搜索整理了关于职称英语《理工B》真题及(完整版)，欢迎各位考生进行参考。
1.【题干】The rlation of his past led to his resignation.
A.imagination
B.disclosure
C.confirmation
D.recall
【】B
2.【题干】Jensen is erous man, and can be very brutal.
A.careless
B.cruel
C.strong
D.hard
【】B
3.【题干】Youll he to sprint if you want to catch the train.
A.jump
B.escape
C.run
D.prepare
【】C
4.【题干】We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.
A.changeble
B.stable
C.suitable
D.adaptable
【】A
5.【题干】The new garment fits her perfectly.
A.haircut
B.purse
C.clothes
D.necklace
【】C
6.【题干】The phobia may he its root in a childhood trauma.
A.fear
B.joy
C.hurt
D.memory
【】C
7.【题干】They he built cs to irrigate the desert.
A.decorate
B.water
C.change
D.visit
【】B
8.【题干】Her overall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.
A.disabled
B.pupil
C.ager
D.baby
【】D
9.【题干】The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.
A.warm
B.sre
C.hard
D.dry
【】A
10.【题干】The details of the costume were totally authentic.
A.real
B.outstanding
C.creative
D.false
【】A
11.【题干】We are aware of the potential problems.
A.global
B.sible
C.ongoing
D.central
【】B
12.【题干】The idea was quite brilliant.
A.itive
B.clr
C.key
D.original
【】B
13.【题干】Stock market pr tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.
A.regulated
B.increased
C.maintained
D.fell
【】D
14.【题干】The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance.
A.coaching
B.idea
C.term
D.aspect
【】A
15.【题干】All houses within 100 meters of the seas are at risk of flooding.
A.in er
B.out of control
C.between equals
D.in particular
【】A
职称英语阅读理解
The Value of Tears
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can lee you embarrassed and without energy. Howr, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when you're not crying, your eyes produce tears. These create a film over the eye's suce. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.
Tears reli stress, but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. "People worry about showing their emotions. They're afraid that once they lose control, they'll nr get it back."
explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe. "As children we were sometimes punished for shedding tears or expressing anger. As s we still fear the consequences of showing emotions."
Almost any emotion--good or bad, happy or sad--can cause tears. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.
When some people become very stressed, howr, they can't cry. They may be feeling shock,angel fear, or grief, but they repress (抑制) the emotion. "Everyone has the need to cry," says psychotherapist(精神治疗师)Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercises. They pract crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion. Diamond says it's best to cry in safe, private places, like under the bedcovers or in the car. That's because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact, they may be repressing
their own need to cry.
In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It's good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. "But once you are safely behind closed doors, don't just cry,"Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will you feel better. "And, "she adds," once our tears he released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal problem."
Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should nr be afraid to cry.
41. The word "film" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. door
B. point
C. coat
D. ll
42. Crying is useful in that it
A. s you not to explore
B. eases heart attacks
C. makes others comfortable
D. cleans your eyes
43. According to Vera Diamond, crying should be__________.
A. practd
B. repressed
C. punished
D. done in public
44. What are you expected to do in a tense business discussion?
A. Hold back your tears.
B. Cry in private.
C. Release your stress with tears.
D. Find out the problems.
45. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How to release your stress.
B. Ways to repress your emotion in public.
C. How to fight tears in a business situation.
D. Importance and necessity of crying.
与解析
41.C。词汇题。题干：段中的“film”的意思是__________。鉴于职称英语允许考生携带词典，通过查词典可知，film的意思有“电影，胶片，薄层”等意思，根据语境“These create a film over the eye’S suce”可知这里指的是在眼睛表面形成的一层东西，由此推知film在这里是“薄层”的意思，对比四个选项，coat(外套，外层)在语义上与film(薄层)接近，所以该题为C(外套，外层)。
42.D。细节题。题干：哭泣是有用的，因为它__________。利用题干useful可以定位到段的.几句，可知眼泪是非常有用的，因为它会在眼睛的表明形成一个薄层，并
且眼泪中含有一种物质可以防止眼睛感染，因而有消除不净之物的功能，对比四个选项可知，该题正确为D(清洁眼睛)。
43.A。细节题。题干：根据Vera Diamond，哭泣是__________。利用题干Vera Diamond
可以定位到第三段，可知每个人都有哭的需要，在一些治疗过程中，病人都进行哭泣的练习，以便他们由此开始习惯于情感的表达，而且在安全的和私人的地方哭泣，避免在人前哭泣的尴尬，由此可以推断出该题的正确为A(练习的)。
44.A。细节题。题干：在紧张的商务商谈中，你可以__________。利用题干tense business discussion可以定位到第五段的第二句，可知在紧张的商务商谈中能抑制住哭泣是好的，所以该题为A(忍住不流泪)。
45.D。主旨题。题干：这篇文章的大意是什么?从题目the value oftears以及文中的核心高频词汇tear和crying，可知该文谈论的是眼泪的价值;同时，结合每段的段落大意，段指出眼泪虽然不好但却是有用的，第二段说明t艮可以缓解压力(reli stress)，第三段讲哭泣或眼泪可以释放累积的情感(release built—up emotions)，第四段说明哭泣是可以练习的(pract)，第五段说明有些场合哭泣是不合适的，一段提出眼泪是一种情感能力，所以该题为D(哭泣的重要性和必要性)。
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