2018年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解C

Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.

2018年全国卷英语 2018年全国卷英语一卷翻译2018年全国卷英语 2018年全国卷英语一卷翻译


2018年全国卷英语 2018年全国卷英语一卷翻译


2018年全国卷英语 2018年全国卷英语一卷翻译


2018年全国卷英语 2018年全国卷英语一卷翻译


根据《常识媒体》周一的一份报告，青少年和更年幼的孩子们的兴趣阅读正在大幅减少。

While the decline over the past decade is steep for readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might encourage more reading.

虽然过去十年来青少年读者数量急剧下降，但报告中的一些数据显示，阅读仍然是很多孩子生活的重要组成部分，并说明父母可能是如何鼓励更多的阅读。

According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion who say they ‘hardly r’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”

根据报告的主要发现，“‘几乎从未’为兴趣而读书的人的比例从1984年的13岁的8%，17岁的9%分别上升到今天的22%和27%。”

The report data shows that pleasure reading lls for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.

报告数据显示，2-8岁幼儿的兴趣阅读水平基本保持不变，但是每节课花在阅读上的时间有所减少，从每节课近一个小时或更多下降到近半个小时。

When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.

当涉及到技术和阅读时，这份报告关于家长们正在寻找的有关电子阅读器和平板电脑对阅读影响的数据几乎没有提供什么建议。它指出，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心屏幕时间的增加。

The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and s who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, he more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.

报告中分享的有希望的数据显示，在阅读方面，父母可以作为孩子的榜样和重要指南。数据显示，经常阅读的儿童和青少年与不经常阅读的儿童和青少年相比，家里有更多的书，购买更多的书，父母经常阅读，以及父母会留出时间陪伴他们阅读。

As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.

随着学期结束的临近，学校期的阅读清单渐渐浮出水面。今后，家长们可能会借此机会参与进来，制作自己的暑期阅读清单，并全家去图书馆或书店。

2018年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解A

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

特区自行车之旅

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

特区樱花自行车之旅。

Duration: 3 hours

时长：3小时

This all group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before ailability — the cherry blossoms—disappear!

这个小型团体自行车之旅可以观赏特区世界的樱花盛放。导游将介绍有关樱花以及绽放处纪念碑的历史课程。记住在樱花凋谢之前预定好！

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

首都纪念碑自行车之旅

Duration:3 hours (4 miles)

时长：3小时（4英里）

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.

加入一个有导游的自行车之旅，参观特区一些的纪念碑。一边听导游在每一站分享不为人知的史实，一边探寻广场上的纪念碑和雕塑。旅游包括自行车、头盔、饼干和瓶装水。

Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

首都自行车之旅。

Duration:3 hours

时长：3小时

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a ooth tour route make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

不管是早上还是下午，对于那些想要以一种为轻松的健康方式，体验特区的新访客和当地人来说，这趟自行车之旅都是完美的。知识渊博的导游将为您介绍关于、国会、雕塑和公园的有趣的故事。舒适的自行车和流畅的旅游路线让在不同地点之间骑自行车变得有趣和放松。

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

首都夜景自行车之旅

Duration:3 hours(7miles)

持续时间：3小时（7英里）

Join a all group bike tour for an ning of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.

加入一个小型团体自行车之旅，夜游特区的中心地带。当你骑自行车经过国会山和广场时，你要靠近纪念碑和雕塑。当导游介绍不为人知的史实时，我们会经常停下来拍照。旅游包括自行车、头盔和瓶装水。所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯。

2018年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解D

We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of soming shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devs well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devs consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

我们可能认为，在我们的文化中，一看到崭新的事物就会摒弃我们的旧技术，但一项新的研究表明，当旧设备过时了之后我们仍然继续使用。这对于环境和我们的钱包来说是个坏消息，因为这些过时的设备做同样的事情要比新设备消耗更多的能源。

To figure out how much power these devs are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the dev. This mod provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devs were grouped by generation. Desktop comrs, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, art phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

为了弄清楚这些设备的耗电量，纽约罗切斯特理工学院的卡莉·巴比特和她的同事跟踪了每种产品在其整个生命周期内造成的环境代价——从原料开采到停止使用该设备。这一方法提供了自20世纪90年代初以来家庭能源使用的变化数据。不同的年代出现了不同的设备。台式计算机、初的移动电话和盒式电视定义了1992年。1997年，数码相机问世。2002年MP3播放器、智能手机和液晶电视进入家庭，2007年平板电脑和电子阅读器问世。

As we accumulated more devs, howr, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room evision is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you he a TV in ry room of the house," said one researcher. The erage number of electronic devs rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devs — we continue to use them. According to the ysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devs with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

然而，当我们积累了更多的设备时，我们并没有扔掉我们的旧设备。一位研究人员说：“客厅的电视更换后放在孩子们的房间里，突然有一天，家里每个房间都有一台电视”。每个家庭拥有的电子设备平均数量从1992年的4台增加到2007年的13台。我们不仅保留了这些旧设备，我们还继续使用它们。根据巴比特团队的分析，旧的台式显示器和带有阴极射线管的盒式电视是糟糕的设备，它们的能耗和温室气体排放量都很高，在1992年至2007年期间增加了一倍多。

So what's the solution? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop comrs could cut energy consumption by 44%.

那么解决方案是什么呢？该团队的数据仅持续到2007年，但研究人员还探讨了如果消费者使用具有多种功能的新电子产品（如用于文字处理和电视观看的平板电脑）取代旧产品会发生什么情况。他们发现，用平板电脑上代替电视和台式电脑观看更多的娱乐点播节目，可以减少44%的能耗。

2018高考英语卷纸全国卷2分数结构

试卷满分：150分部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分) 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 希望对你有帮助！

2018年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷 阅读题C篇「经济学人」

CLanguages he been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by ter-gatherers, all, tightly knit (联系) groups dloped their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts beli that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the dlopment of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all he caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely unn. The general rule is that mild zones he relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones he lots, often spoken by all numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to he much chance of survival.

28. What can we infer about languages in ter-gatherer times?

A. They dloped very fast.

B. They were large in number.

C. They had similar patterns.

D. They were closely connected.

29. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？

A. Complex. B. Aanced. C. Powerful. D. Modern.

30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present？

A. About 6,800. B. About 3,400. C. About 2,400. D. About 1,200.

31. What is the main idea of the text？

A. New languages will be created.

B. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C. Human dlopment results in fewer languages.

D. Geography determines language evolution.

(戳下方“阅读原文 ” )

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2018年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解A

Summer Activities

暑期活动

Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be ailable in school and online for them to indicate their chos and return to school. Before chos are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s chos.

学生应与其父母/监护人一起阅读下列表格，选择喜欢的两项活动。表格将在学校和网上提供，确定选项后返回学校。在终确定选择之前，家长/监护人应签名确认孩子的选择。